Catchment - História úprav

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;Catchment
:Slovak term: [[Slovenský termín]]
# A catchment - or drainage basin - is a discrete area of land which has a common drainage system. A catchment includes both the water bodies that convey the water and the land surface from which water drains into these bodies (UNEP et al. 1997).
# Please refer to [[drainage basin]] or [[river basin]].

'''Explanation'''
A catchment is a discrete area of land which has a common drainage system. The surface
water catchment is defined by the topography of the land. This may not coincide, however,
with any associated groundwater catchment (which is influenced by the underlying strata).
Each drainage basin is separated topographically from adjacent basins by a ridge, hill or
mountain, known as a water devide. The nature of the catchment (topography, soil strata)
determines its hydrological characteristics, which in turn, are major determinants of its
overall ecology.

Catchment management plans are designed to cover a catchment of a river and its
tributaries and any associated groundwater flows. In terms of the impact of activities within
them, catchments are largely self-contained, manageable units, although any management
activities can affect downstream areas.

Experience gained in some countries suggests that catchment planning plays an essential
role in setting water quality objectives. It provides the context in which the demands of all
water users can be balanced against water quality requirements. Catchment planning also
provides the mechanism for assessing and controlling the overall loading of pollutants
within whole river catchments and, ultimately, into the sea, irrespective of the uses to
which those waters are put. The need for "catchment accountability" is becoming
increasingly important in order to ensure that both national and international requirements
to reduce pollutant loadings are properly planned and achieved (UNEP et al. 1997).

'''Example'''
“Work in the catchment of the River Danube on nutrient balances indicates that the input
of nitrogen and phosphorus from diffuse sources, mainly agriculture, is as significant as
that from sewage works. Those areas which use sewage on land, either as a disposal route
or for soil conditioning, may also be contributing to diffuse pollution” (UNEP et al. 1997)

'''References'''
* UNEP, Water Supply & Sanitation Collaborative Council, and World Health Organization, 1997. [http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/resourcesquality/watpolcontrol.pdf Water pollution control: a guide to the use of water quality management principles, E & FN Spon, London].

'''links'''
* [http://apps.who.int/thelexicon/ WHO — The Health and Environment Lexicon]
* WHO [http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/dwq/gdwq3/en/ Guidelines for drinking-water quality, 3rd ed]
* UNESCO [http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/resourcesquality/wqmonitor/en/index.html Water quality assessments: a guide to the use of biota, sediments, and water in environmental monitoring]
* WHO [http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/resourcesquality/wqmonitor/en/index.html Water quality monitoring: a practical guide to the design and implementation of freshwater quality studies and monitoring programmes]
* WHO [http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/dwq/whoiwa/en/ Water quality: Guidelines, standards and health]

[[Category:EN]]

← Staršia verzia		Verzia zo dňa a času 10:26, 23. júl 2014
Riadok 42:		Riadok 42:
	* WHO [http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/dwq/whoiwa/en/ Water quality: Guidelines, standards and health]		* WHO [http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/dwq/whoiwa/en/ Water quality: Guidelines, standards and health]

−	[[Category:EN]]	+	[[Category:EN]][[Category:WaterEN]]

@@ Riadok 1: / Riadok 1: @@
 :Slovak term: [[Slovenský termín]]
 # A catchment - or drainage basin - is a discrete area of land which has a common drainage system. A catchment includes both the water bodies that convey the water and the land surface from which water drains into these bodies (UNEP et al. 1997).
 # Please refer to [[drainage basin]] or [[river basin]].
-'''Explanation'''
+==Explanation==
 A catchment is a discrete area of land which has a common drainage system. The surface
 water catchment is defined by the topography of the land. This may not coincide, however,
@@ Riadok 27: / Riadok 26: @@
 to reduce pollutant loadings are properly planned and achieved (UNEP et al. 1997).
-'''Example'''
+==Example==
 “Work in the catchment of the River Danube on nutrient balances indicates that the input
 of nitrogen and phosphorus from diffuse sources, mainly agriculture, is as significant as
@@ Riadok 33: / Riadok 32: @@
 or for soil conditioning, may also be contributing to diffuse pollution” (UNEP et al. 1997)
-'''References'''
+==References==
 * UNEP, Water Supply & Sanitation Collaborative Council, and World Health Organization, 1997. [http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/resourcesquality/watpolcontrol.pdf Water pollution control: a guide to the use of water quality management principles, E &amp; FN Spon, London].
-'''links'''
+==Links==
 * [http://apps.who.int/thelexicon/ WHO — The Health and Environment Lexicon]
 * WHO [http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/dwq/gdwq3/en/ Guidelines for drinking-water quality, 3rd ed]