Zobrazenie zdroja stránky Rapid rural appraisal

:Slovak term: [[Slovenský termín]]
# Rapid rural appraisal (also known as participatory rural appraisal - PRA) is an approach aimed at incorporating the knowledge and opinions of rural people in the planning and management of development projects and programmes (WHO 2009)

==Explanation==
In 1983 Robert Chambers, a Fellow at the Institute of Development Studies used the term
Rapid Rural Appraisal (RRA) to describe techniques that could bring about a ’reversal of
learning’ at a time when there was growing dissatisfaction among development experts
with both the reductionism of formal surveys, and the biases of typical field visits. Two
years later, the first international conference to share experiences relating to RRA was held
in Thailand, and this was followed by a rapid growth in the development of methods that
involved rural people in examining their own problems, setting their own goals, and
monitoring their own achievements. By the mid 199O’s, the term RRA had been replaced by
a number of other terms including ‘Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA)’ and ‘Participatory
Learning and Action’ (PLA). Hundreds of participatory techniques and tools have been
described; they can be divided into four categories:
* Group dynamics, e.g. learning contracts, role reversals, feedback sessions
* Sampling, e.g. transect walks, wealth ranking, social mapping
* Interviewing, e.g. focus group discussions, semi-structured interviews, triangulation
* Visualization, e.g. Venn diagrams, matrix scoring, timelines
To ensure that people are not excluded from participation, these techniques avoid writing
wherever possible, relying instead on the tools of oral communication (WHO 2009).

==Example==

==References==
* WHO (2009) Health impact assessment glossary: E-learning modules

==Links==
* [http://apps.who.int/thelexicon/ WHO — The Health and Environment Lexicon]

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